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Early newspaper

May 27th, 2009

Early newspaper Information

Already in the dark middle ages, was an oral or written communications such as mobile gaming people (for example: Walther of the Vogelweide) or merchant letters. Prince, churches, universities and trade developed more and more a growing mail traffic with partially paid correspondents. Precursors were pamphlets, but especially one page prints (which are already know in the times of Caesar as “acta diurna” or “acta urbis”), on which news were displayed. Technical condition for the emergence of newspapers in today’s sense was the invention of printing with movable type by Johannes Gutenberg around 1450 in Mainz. Germany was also the cradle of the periodical press. From 1588 the major trading centers newspapers have been regularly summarized which were called Messrelationen. From Rorschach on Lake Constance is known the first monthly “Annus Christ” from 1597. The first real newspaper appeared weekly in 1605 in Strasbourg and was called “Relation”. Other cities came up with early newspaper as Wolfenbuettel ( “Aviso” - 1609), Basle ( “Ordinari Weekend newspaper” - 1610) and Berlin (1617). Outside the German-speaking countries first newspaper published in 1621, for example, in London ( “The Corant”), 1631 in Paris (The Gazette), 1643 in Italy and 1703 in Russia.

The first daily newspaper was published on 1 July 1650 in Leipzig, with the name “Incoming newspapers”. By 1700 already 50 to 60 German-language newspapers appeared. The first Austrian newspaper - “Viennese Diarium” - was published on 8 August 1703, which was brought out from 1780 daily (two to three times per week) as “Vienna newspaper”. Since 1813 Vienna Newspaper appears as a daily newspaper. The contents were unordered on rather very small leaves with a widely collection of news about political, military special events, accidents, natural disasters, fate, etc. Headings and illustrations were only towards the end of the 19th century. Photos where started printing at 1920. Gutenberg’s basic idea was to divide the text into individual elements. These individual elements were poured in laterally than any number of letters, and finally to words, lines and pages together. Archetype for each letter was a stamp. Period of political debate about expression and press freedom “Under the influence of the ideas of enlightenment and the emerging economic power of the commercial capital, has developed the private press to voice against the privileged aristocracy and the church, even against general intelligence and leaves the scoreboard with princes paidten ads, articles and official pronouncements and supervised editorial contributions.